On March 29 and 31, 2016 my American sport in the 21st century class talked about deviance in sports and if it is out of control. We went over the definition of deviant, examples in sport, off the field deviance, why athletes take drugs, and the six major categories of drugs taken. Here you can view what we discussed:
Deviant
-An act the differs from the norm, especially behavior or
attitudes that differ from acceptable social standards
Examples of deviance in sport
-Fighting
-Bounty hunting
-Academic cheating
-Performance enhancing drugs
-Gambling
-Illegal recruiting practices
Off the field deviance
-Athletes do not have higher delinquency rates than those who
do not play sports
-Data on academic cheating is inconclusive
-Athletes have higher rates of alcohol use & binge
drinking
-Felony rates among adult athletes do not seem to be out of
control, but they do constitute a problem-especially domestic violence
Why athletes take drugs
Physiological reasons:
-Increase oxygen transport
-Lose weight, train harder
-To build muscle, increase energy
-Mask injury and reduce tiredness
Psychological reasons:
-To increase motivation
-To steady nerves
-To increase aggression
Social reasons:
-They are prepared to win at all costs
-Belief that everyone else is doing it
-Pressure to win from coaches, peers and media
-By winning they can earn big money
-Fear of not winning
Six major drug categories
-Stimulants
-Narcotic analgesics
-Anabolic steroids
-Beta Blockers
-Diuretics
-Peptide hormones and analogues
There is an an article posted on Exact Sport titled "Deviance in Sports" on August 15, 2011. Discussed in this article is some of the history of deviance in sport, why deviance occurs, and deviance by fans. It is well written and provides insight as to how deviance has become such a large part of sports.
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